Prof Patrick Miller

Professor

Bute B6 (office). B4/5 (lab)
tel. 01334 463554
fax.
pm29@st-andrews.ac.uk

My research focuses on social communication and behavioral ecology of marine mammals. I record and describe the behaviour patterns of marine mammals in order to elucidate their function, often using novel research tools. I seek to unravel how the marine environment and anthropogenic stressors such as sonar might influence foraging, social interactions, swimming behaviour, and body condition. 

Current Projects

Novel methods to study body condition of cetaceans at sea

Body condition influences how animals trade-off foraging and anti-predator behaviors, and modulates responses to human disturbance. However, current methods for estimating lipid store body condition in cetaceans are descriptive or do not measure full-body fat stores. In this study, we are working to validate, establish and utilize a novel, non-invasive method to measure total body lipid-stores of free-ranging cetaceans by analysis of their underwater swimming pattern. The results of this study will establish and validate an innovative technique to measure body condition in cetaceans, and examine the interplay of body condition with foraging and anti-predator behaviors and reproductive status of females.

Killer whales in the North Atlantic

Killer whales are generalist predators as a species, but each population seems to be remarkably specialized on certain prey types. This project seeks to describe natural behaviour of killer whales in the North Atlantic, focusing upon interatctions between foraging behaviour, social interactions and acoustic communication of herring-feeding killer whales.  Work in this area also seeks to explore interactions of killer whales with other speces, and how killer whales respond to underwater noise.

Effects of noise on cetaceans and other animals

The underwater environment is subject to the input of noise from human activities, but there are wide gaps in our understanding about how noise might affect marine mammals.  My work within the international collaboration known as '3S' has focused on describing how several species of cetaceans respond to experimental presentation of sonar and various control sounds including killer whale sounds. To aid in management of this important problem, a key component of this work is to determine the levels of noise at which responses start  I am using animal models ranging from the fruit fly D montana to long-finned pilot whale to explore how noise influences communication systems and how signallers might respond to noise within ecological and evolutionary time scales.

 

Publications

Isojunno, S, Aoki, K, Curé, C, Kvadsheim, P & Miller, P 2018, 'Breathing patterns indicate cost of exercise during diving and response to experimental sound exposures in long-finned pilot whales' Frontiers in Physiology. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01462
Narazaki, T, Isojunno, S, Nowacek, DP, Swift, R, Friedlaender, AS, Ramp, C, Smout, S, Aoki, K, Deecke, VB, Sato, K & Miller, PJO 2018, 'Body density of humpback whales (Megaptera novaengliae) in feeding aggregations estimated from hydrodynamic gliding performance' PLoS ONE, vol. 13, no. 7, e0200287. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200287
Harris, CM, Thomas, L, Falcone, E, Hildebrand, J, Houser, D, Kvadsheim, P, Lam, F-PA, Miller, P, Moretti, DJ, Read, A, Slabbekoorn, H, Southall, BL, Tyack, PL, Wartzok, D & Janik, VM 2018, 'Marine mammals and sonar: dose-response studies, the risk-disturbance hypothesis and the role of exposure context' Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 396-404. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12955
Isojunno, S, Sadykova, D, DeRuiter, S, Curé, C, Visser, F, Thomas, L, Miller, PJO & Harris, CM 2017, 'Individual, ecological, and anthropogenic influences on activity budgets of long-finned pilot whales' Ecosphere, vol. 8, no. 12, e02044. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2044
Visser, F, Kok, ACM, Oudejans, MG, Scott-Hayward, LAS, DeRuiter, SL, Alves, AC, Antunes, RN, Isojunno, S, Pierce, GJ, Slabbekoorn, H, Huisman, J & Miller, PJO 2017, 'Vocal foragers and silent crowds: context-dependent vocal variation in Northeast Atlantic long-finned pilot whales' Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 71, 170. DOI: 10.1007/s00265-017-2397-y
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Prof Patrick Miller
Bute Building
 University of St Andrews
 St Andrews
 Fife
 KY16 9TS
 UK

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